This textbook includes numerous materials prepared by members and experts of the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) on the use of unilateral restrictive measures (sanctions) in international relations. Additionally, this book examines the institutional mechanisms of modern sanctions policies, regional peculiarities of the use of sanctions, sanction goals and aims against Russia and other countries, as well as possible consequences for Russia and other countries. Also examined are the strategies implemented for countering the impact of sanctions.