The author analyzed the role of existing cyber sanctions mechanisms in international relations and investigated what are the sanctions in general and cyber sanctions, in particular; what mechanisms of cyber sanctions exist; what is their feature; when, by whom they were applied and what consequences can be observed. The author analyzed the approaches to ensuring security in the digital environment through sanctions in the 21st century of key actors in the global information space such as the United States, the EU, Russia and China. The author focused on the methods used to counter cyber violations. It was determined that international justice in cyberspace is difficult to achieve due to the unresolved problem of determining the source of cyber attacks, which is currently mainly political in nature. One of the ways to counter cyber violations is cyber sanctions — unilateral targeted measures. To date, cyber sanctions mechanisms have been developed and applied only by the European Union and the United States of America. Cyber sanctions mechanisms are a means of achieving mainly political goals. The US and EU cyber sanctions are part of the overall structure of the sanctions policy aimed at “containment” of Russia and other countries in order to assert their strategic dominance, in particular in the global economy, especially in critical areas, trade, R&D. Unilateral restrictive cyber measures have a negative impact on the EU and the US relations with the Russian Federation. Currently, the EU and the US bear the main share of responsibility for the fragmentation of international law and for the inability for the international community to agree at the UN level on universal norms on cybersecurity, including cybersanctions mechanism. An alternative to the use of unilateral cyber sanctions mechanisms are the approaches of Russia and China — discussion at different platforms, including the UN level, of joint countering cyber threats.